Compressor



April26, 1932. RBERNAT COMPRESSOR Filed May 2. 1927 Patented Apr. 26, 1932 l OFFICE RAOUL BERNAT, or BORDEAUX, FRANCE COMPRESSOR Application filed May 2, 1927, Serial No. 188,368, and in France .M Zay 5, 1926.

The present invention has for its object various improvements in compressors, and chiefly in compressors which are employed 1n refrigerating plants.

a" The said invention relates to the means utilizedfor the lubrication of the mechanical parts, and chieiiy the cylinder, and the means employed to obtain the fluid tightness of thev casin It further relates to a construction which 'is chiefly applicable to compressors supplied by rotary valves, as specified in the patent in my name No. 1,516,516 dated the th of July, 1923. y The appended drawings show an embodlment of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a lengthwise section of a ccmpressor according to the present inventlon, with parts broken away. spendingv cross section of the compressor, with parts broken away. To properly supply the oil to the said fluidtight apparatus, the compressor herein represented comprises a branch pipe placed upon 25 a conduit whose pressure slightly exceeds the supply pressure of the compressor itself.

In this device, the main body 1 of the compressor is directly attached to the stuling box 2 carrying the gear box 3, so that it is simply necessary to trim one face on the main body and the corresponding face on the stuiiing box. v

vThe said compressor comprisesva rotary valve 4 whose speed of rotation is proportional to the' speed of the compressor.

A pipe 5 makes connection between the valve casing of recessed valve cylinder 6 which is integral with the rotary valve 4, and a receptacle for the lubricant,fsuch receptacle being the separating apparatus in the case 'of an ammonia machine or the cooling device in the machines for manufacture of sulphurous anhydride. The pipe 7 having` the form of an inverted U, circulates the oil from the said valve element 6 to a second valve element 8V which is also secured to the valve 4. The' oil circulates from the element 8 into a duct 9 leading to the closed gear box`3 and 'thence into the compressor casing 10 through Fig. 2 is a corre-l to the oiling device 15 which comprises at the lower part a conduit 16 supplying oil to the ring l of the stuiiing box, so that in case of leakage on the compressor shaft 13 the pressurewill drive forward the oil and not gas, and I obtain the further advantage con# sisting in the fact that all gripping due to dry joints will be obviated. The oil thus circulated is collected by means of a ring 18 which is situated adjacent the `stuffing box and communicates with the tank 19.

The operation of the said apparatus is as follows: i

The recessed valve element 6 takes up an amount of oil, which is exactly proportional t0 the speed of the cylinder, from the conduit 5 which is supplied by the cooling apparatus or by the separating device, according to circumstances.

This oil is mixed with gas. The mixture is circulated into the ammonia machines and the pressure is reduced from the separator pressure prevailing in the pipe 5, to the much smaller pressure prevailing inl the pipe 7 which is but little above the suction pressure. so that gas will be disengaged, thereby circulating the oil into the upper part of. the piping 7 v In the machines for the manufacture of sulphurous anhydride, the mixture of gas and oil supplied by the cooling apparatus is atl a very low temperature. It proceeds in the recessed valve element at a relatively high temperature, due to the action ofthe adjacent compression cylinders, and gas will be thereby disengaged. i

In all cases, the oil from the said separator or cooling device is supplied-at least in partto the valve element 8 which accurate- A leakage.

In the particular case of vacuum machines for suction purposes, the oil is circulated between the recipient and 19 in the followin manner: v

ue to the pressure, the oil iows from the 1 recipient 15 into. the recipient 19, in the contrary direction to the circulation produced by the vacuum, but there will be no leakage of gas. As a general rule, the oil tends to collect in the recipient 19, so that any excess of oil can be readily'removed. In the contrary case, a certain amount of oil may be added with facility from time to time. About the same result may be obtained by connecting the pipe 5 with the valve element 8. l

The oil arrives by the conduit 5 at a pressure of 8 to 9 kilograms per square centimeter. Because of this pressure there is a certain quantity of gas generally ammonia gas which is found in the oil in a dissolved state. Upon the other hand, the pressure in the reservoir 15 is only 1 to 2 kilograms per square centimeter. Therefore, when the oil arrives in the recess at the entrance of 'conduit 7, the fall of pressure causes the 'dissolved gas to be released and thereby form a large number of bubbles. These bubbles form an emulsion which increases and ascends into the conduit 7. Each portion of oil increases the quantity of the emulsion and this emulsion of oil circulates in the conduits 7 and 14.

The said apparatus with double combined oiling recipient may be applied not only to compressors but also to all other machines which are to be made uid tight in like manner.

Applicants entire device may therefore briefly be summarized as follows: The apparatus claimed comprises two rotary cellular valves 6 and 8; each of these valves is formed of two cells ,or small cavities which are formed at the circumference of the collar 4 and which are seen at 6 in Fig. 2. The apparatus likewise comprises an oil feed conduit 5 which terminates at the irst valve 6; another conduit 7 connects the valves 6 and 8. A stuiing box 2 is provided upon the shaft 13 and a conduit 14 connects this stuffing box to the conduit 7 which connects the two valves. Finally, a passage 9 connects the second valve 8 .to the gear train 3.

I claim:

1. A compressor for refrigerating installations' comprising a rotary valve, two series of pockets in said valve, a pipe for leading the oil to one of said series of pocket-s, a second pipe connecting one of said series of pockets with the other series, 'a stuffing box, a third pipe connecting said second pipe with said stuiiing box, a set of gears and means for leading oil from one of said series of pockets to said gears to lubricate the same.

2. A compressor as claimed in claim 1, having an oil conduit surrounding the shaft of the compressor in the forward portion of the stufting box, and a reservoir for lubricant at atmospheric pressure with which said conduit is in communication.

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature.

RAOUL BERNAT.

l'JO 

